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Gabon is a Central African country bordered by Equatorial Guinea, Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, and the Atlantic Ocean. Its capital, Libreville, is the largest city and an important center for government, trade, and industry. France controlled Gabon during the colonial period, and the country gained independence in 1960. Gabon has a relatively small population compared with its land area, and much of the country is covered by dense tropical rainforest. These forests contain remarkable biodiversity, including elephants, gorillas, and numerous other species. Gabon has developed an economy based heavily on oil production, although mining, forestry, and agriculture also contribute to national income. The country possesses important deposits of manganese and other minerals. Gabon has created numerous national parks to protect large areas of its natural environment. Its combination of extensive forests, mineral resources, Atlantic access, and relatively low population density distinguishes it from many neighboring African countries.