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The Indus River Valley Civilization, also known as the Harangue Civilization, extended from modern-day northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India. Important innovations of this civilization include standardized weights and measures, seal carving, and metallurgy with copper, bronze, lead, and tin. Little is understood about the Indus script, and hence, little is known about the Indus River Valley Civilizations institutions and systems of governance. In 1856, British colonial officials in India were busy monitoring the construction of a railway connecting the cities of Lahore and Karachi in mender-day Pakistan along the Indus River valley. As the y continued to work, some of the laborers discovered may fire-baked bricks lodged in the dry terrain. There were hundreds of thousands of fairly uniform bricks, which seemed to be quite old. Nonetheless, the workers used some of them to construct the road bed,unaware that they were using ancient artifacts. They soon found among the bricks stone artifacts made of soapstone, featuring intricate artistic markings. Though they did not know it then, and though the first major excavations did not take place until the 1920s, these railway workers had happened upon the remnants of the indus Valley civilization, also known as the Harappan civilization, after Harappa, the first of its sites to be excavated, in what then the Punjab province of British india and is now in pakistan Initially, many archaeologists thought they had found ruins of the excavation of these Harappan cities.