words per minute
13
Farahalanbari
00:00
Speed
Both the reading and the lecture are about crewless cargo ships. The author believes that having a ship that is operated entirely by a computer has many advantages. The professor, on the other hand, mentions that the author is being optimistic about crewless cargo ships, and he misplaces some of these advantages.
To begin with, the reading passage claims that international trade can become cheaper because companies can save money by cutting labor costs and the expenses related to humans on the ships, like food and sleeping cost. The speaker in the conversation challenges this point by mentioning that ships loaded with the minimum number of labor. Moreover, these people on the ship do the repair if anything happens during a voyage, however, in the crewless ships if anything went wrong, the repairs would be fixed after the arrival of that ship, which might deteriorate the situation and cost the companies more money.
On top of that, the text states that crewless ships are not a target for pirates, also, crewless ships can be designed to make it impossible to pirates to reach them. The lecturer argues this point by saying crewless ships will avoid low-tech pirates but it will endanger the high-tech ones, they can hack the system and control it, which will lead them either to crash the ship or move it to another location where they can take time to figure out how to know what is inside, then try open it.
Finally, the author writes the third advantage of a crewless ship which is computer system reacts faster than humans with accidents which will help the ship to avoid a lot of accidents. The professor challenges this view by pointing out that accident happens not because humans are taking their time to think or process but because these huge ships require time to change their course and that is what happens when an unexpected situation occurs. Furthermore, humans, unlike computers how can reach logically only, can guess what other ships that are run by individuals operate and react accordingly.