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It is the sixth largest and seventh-most in the world with a population osf 10.2 million residents as of 2022, and a population of over 22.4 million residents in the Greater Dhaka Area. According to a Dermograph survey, Dhaka has the most densely populated built-up urban area in the world and is popularly described as such in the news media. Dhaka is one of the major cities of South Asia and a major global Muslim-majority city. Dhaka ranks 39th in the world and 3rd in South Asia in terms of urban GDP. As part of the Bengal delta the city is bounded by the Buriganga River, Turag River, Dhaleshwari River, and Shitalakshya River. The city holds the distinction of the world’s largest Bengali-speaking city.
The area of Dhaka has been inhabited since the first millennium. An early modern city developed in the 17th century as a provincial captial and commercial center of the Mughal Empire. Dhaka was the capital of a proto-industrialized Mughal Bengal for 75 years (1608-39 and 1660-1704). It was the hub of the muslin trade in Bengal and one of the most prosperous cities in the honor of the erstwhile ruling emperor Jahangir. The city’s wealthy Mughal elite included princes and the sons of Mughal emperors. The pre-colonial city’s glory peaked in the 17th and 18th centuries when it was home to merchants from across Eurashia.
The Port of Dhaka was a major trading post for both the riverine and seaborne trade. The Mughals decorated the city with well-laid gardens, tombs, mosques, places and forts. The city was once called the Venice of the East. Under British rule, the city saw the introduction of electricity, railways, cinemas, Western-style universities and colleges, and a modern water supply. It became an important administrative and educational center in the British Raj, as the capital of Eastern Bengal and Assam province after 1905 in 1947, after the end of British rule, the city became the administrative capital of East Pakistan.