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Registry, the exact incidence of CKD in India is not clear, but studies
estimate that the number of new patients diagnosed with End Stage Kidney
Disease ESKD requiring dialysis or transplantation is over 100,000 per year.
Inequality in the access to health care between urban and rural populations,
poverty, and undulation probably underestimates the actual burden of
kidney diseases in our country. Causes in India Diabetes and Hypertension
are the most common causes of kidney disease in India in both men and
women. There is some difference in gender predisposition to renal disease.
Females are more susceptible to certain autoimmune diseases which affect
the kidneys like Systemic Lupus Erythematous, urinary tract infections. A
newer entity Cod CKD unknown has recently been introduced which is
found in hot climates, under hydration and tropical regions underlying the
importance of adequate water intake. Tropical diseases like malaria,
diarrhea, snake bites, poisonings also are commoner in India predisposing
to acute kidney injury. Complications of kidney disease Chronic kidney
disease can negatively impact the general wellbeing. Patients often
demonstrate symptoms of lethargy, pain, depression, cognitive impairment,
lack of sleep and appetite. They may complain of decrease urine output,
swelling of the body, decrease in sexual arousal and infertility. There will
have a fall in their hemoglobin levels, abnormalities in the calcium,
phosphorous and uric acid parameters. Pregnancy in a CKD patient carries a
high risk of neonatal and maternal morbidity and mortality, decrease in
fetal weight, prematurity, low birth weight, fetal distress and also increases
the chances of CKD in the offspring. Heart problems like heart failure