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Guinea-Bissau is a West African country bordered by Senegal, Guinea, and the Atlantic Ocean. Its capital, Bissau, serves as the political and economic center and is the country's largest city. The nation includes a mainland region and the Bijagos Archipelago, a group of islands known for rich biodiversity and unique ecosystems. Historically, the area participated in regional trade before becoming a Portuguese colony. Following a long independence movement, Guinea-Bissau gained sovereignty in 1973, with international recognition following in 1974. Today the country operates as a republic while continuing to strengthen its political institutions and economic development. Agriculture remains the foundation of the economy, with cashew nuts serving as the country's most important export. Fishing and small scale trade also contribute to economic activity. Guinea-Bissau continues to invest in education, infrastructure, and regional cooperation while preserving its diverse cultures and natural landscapes.