Over the last few years, an increasing number of studies investigating the association between the physical environment and physical activity have been published. Many reviews have also summarized this emerging body of research, and such review papers are frequently used by public health policymakers and researches themselves to inform decision making. This paper systematically appraises methodological aspects of literature reviews examining the relationship between physical activity and the physical environment published in peer-reviewed journals between 2000 and 2—5. Eleven reviews and their antecedent source papers were examined. The majority of these reviews omitted between one third and two-thirds of the studies that could have been eligible of inclusion at the time they conducted the review. Methodological information on how the review was conducted was not always provided. Furthermore, in some cases, the results of a study were reported incorrectly, or physical environmental aspects were conflated with social environmental or cognitive factors. Moreover, when results were reported incorrectly, physical environmental variables were almost always reported as significantly associated with physical activity, when these associations were no significant or were not assessed as part of the primary study. Users of reviews in this field should be aware that there are significant methodological variations among them, and that some reviews may include only a sample of the relevant primary studies. However, this is difficult to determine given the frequent incompleteness of review method reporting. Greater standardization in the reporting of review methods may assist with future efforts to summarize studies of the relationship between physical environments and physical activity. The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of the invention and together and together with the constitute a part of this specification, illustrate several aspects of the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention in the drawings.