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Biomarker Research’s Effect on Quality of Life of Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease (Introduction of paper)
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Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a fatal disease that attacks brain cells. One out of every 3 seniors will die with AD or another dementia (Alzheimer’s Association, 2013). Estimations showed that 5.2 million Americans have AD and it is most prevalent among our nation’s seniors. According to the National Institute on Aging (2010), “about 1 in 5 U.S. citizens will be elderly by 2030… and by 2050 persons over the age of 60 will reach a staggering 78.9 million.” The Alzheimer’s Association (2013) estimates that “every 68 seconds someone in the United States develops Alzheimer’s and by midcentury someone in the United States will develop the disease every 33 seconds.” Heart disease is the number one killer in the United States; however, from 2000 to 2010 the mortality rates of heart disease decreased by 16%. During that same time period, the mortality rates of AD increased by 68% (Alzheimer’s Association). AD ranks in our nation’s top 10 killers.
Currently we do not have a definitive test for diagnosing AD. Even in the newly updated Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders there is not a clear-cut diagnosis. Many times physicians and mental health professionals are simply ruling out what it is not more than definitively saying what it is. Mostly, physicians and mental health professionals look for “deficits in cognition that interfere with daily activities” that “cannot be explained by another condition” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 602-603). Often times, AD starts in the brain years before symptoms are noticeable (Chiu & Brodaty, 2013; Dubois, Gauthier, & Cummings, 2013; Mattson, Brax & Zetterberg, 2010; Wang et al., 2014). Many researchers are looking for ways that we can clinically diagnose AD at its earliest stages, before symptoms start.
Biomarker research is one of the areas that are currently being debated as a means for the early detection of AD. On one side of the debate, there are supporters of biomarker research who say that its use will lead to early predictions of AD that are efficient and accurate. The other side of the debate argues that due to the current lack of disease modifying treatments for AD, there are few strong reasons favoring early diagnosis (Mattson, Brax & Zetterberg, 2010).
Our goal as clinicians and researchers is to find treatments and preventions that would improve our patient’s quality of life. It is our duty to question any new procedure that is introduced to us to use. Every treatment, diagnostic procedure, or prevention plan should be evaluated for its efficacy, accuracy and benefit to the patient. Therefore, questioning biomarker research as a means for clinical diagnoses of Alzheimer’s disease is not only significant, it is essential.
Currently we do not have a definitive test for diagnosing AD. Even in the newly updated Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders there is not a clear-cut diagnosis. Many times physicians and mental health professionals are simply ruling out what it is not more than definitively saying what it is. Mostly, physicians and mental health professionals look for “deficits in cognition that interfere with daily activities” that “cannot be explained by another condition” (American Psychiatric Association, 2013, p. 602-603). Often times, AD starts in the brain years before symptoms are noticeable (Chiu & Brodaty, 2013; Dubois, Gauthier, & Cummings, 2013; Mattson, Brax & Zetterberg, 2010; Wang et al., 2014). Many researchers are looking for ways that we can clinically diagnose AD at its earliest stages, before symptoms start.
Biomarker research is one of the areas that are currently being debated as a means for the early detection of AD. On one side of the debate, there are supporters of biomarker research who say that its use will lead to early predictions of AD that are efficient and accurate. The other side of the debate argues that due to the current lack of disease modifying treatments for AD, there are few strong reasons favoring early diagnosis (Mattson, Brax & Zetterberg, 2010).
Our goal as clinicians and researchers is to find treatments and preventions that would improve our patient’s quality of life. It is our duty to question any new procedure that is introduced to us to use. Every treatment, diagnostic procedure, or prevention plan should be evaluated for its efficacy, accuracy and benefit to the patient. Therefore, questioning biomarker research as a means for clinical diagnoses of Alzheimer’s disease is not only significant, it is essential.
