Guatemala is a Central American country known for its mountainous landscapes, deep cultural heritage, and ancient history. It was once the heart of the Maya civilization, which left behind impressive ruins such as Tikal, a major archaeological site surrounded by dense jungle. Today, many Guatemalans are descendants of the Maya and continue to speak Indigenous languages alongside Spanish, the official language. Guatemala gained independence from Spain in 1821 and has since experienced periods of political unrest, including a civil war that lasted from 1960 to 1996. Its economy is based on agriculture, textiles, and remittances from abroad. Coffee, bananas, and cardamom are key exports. The capital, Guatemala City, is the largest urban center, while Antigua is known for its colonial architecture and tourism. Despite ongoing social and economic challenges, Guatemala remains culturally rich, with strong traditions in weaving, music, and community life that reflect its Indigenous and colonial history.