The history of railways in Indian dates back to the early 19th century, marking a significant milestone in the country's transportation and economic development. The first railway line was inaugurated on April 16,1853 stretching 34 kilometers from Bombay (now Mumbai) to Thane. This historic journey was made by a steam locomotive named "Sahib" carrying around 400 passengers. The introduction of railways was a game-changer, as it facilitated the movement of goods and people across vast distances, thereby boosting trade and commerce. Initially the railways were developed primarily to serve the British colonial interest, enabling the efficient transport of raw materials from the interior to ports for exports. However, as the network expanded, it began to play a crucial role in connecting various regions of India, fostering economic integration and cultural exchange. By the end of the 19th century, the railway network had grown significantly with over 18,000 kilometers of track laid, making it one of the largest railway systems in the world at that time. The early 20th century saw further advancements, including the introduction of electric trains and the expansion of railway services to remote areas. The Indian Railway was nationalized in 1951, leading to a more coordinated and systematics approach to railway management and development. Over the decades, the railways have undergone numerous upgrades, including the introduction of modern trains, improved safety measures, and enhanced passenger amenities.